Fu Yu, wacce ta shafe sama da shekaru 20 tana aiki a fannin motocin hydrogen, kwanan nan tana jin kamar "aiki tukuru da rayuwa mai daɗi".

"A gefe guda, motocin man fetur za su gudanar da zanga-zanga da tallatawa na tsawon shekaru huɗu, kuma ci gaban masana'antu zai haifar da "lokacin taga". A gefe guda kuma, a cikin daftarin dokar makamashi da aka fitar a watan Afrilu, an sanya makamashin hydrogen a cikin tsarin makamashi na ƙasarmu a karon farko, kuma kafin hakan, an sarrafa makamashin hydrogen bisa ga "sinadarai masu haɗari" Ya ce cikin farin ciki a wata hira ta wayar tarho da ya yi da wani ɗan jarida daga Kamfanin Dillancin Labarai na China kwanan nan.

A cikin shekaru 20 da suka gabata, Fu Yu ya shiga cikin bincike da haɓaka a Cibiyar Nazarin Sinadarai ta Dalian, Kwalejin Kimiyya ta China, Cibiyar Binciken Injiniya ta Ƙasa ta sabbin hanyoyin samar da makamashin mai da fasahar tushen hydrogen, da sauransu. Ya yi karatu tare da Yi Baolian, ƙwararre a fannin ƙwayoyin mai kuma ƙwararren masani a Kwalejin Injiniya ta China. Daga baya, ya shiga wani kamfani mai suna don yin aiki tare da ƙungiyoyi a Arewacin Amurka, Turai, Japan da Koriya ta Kudu, "don sanin inda gibin da ke tsakaninmu da matakin farko na duniya yake, har ma da sanin iyawarmu." A ƙarshen shekarar 2018, ya ji cewa lokaci ya yi da za a kafa kamfanin kimiyya da fasaha na Ji'an hydrogen energy tare da abokan hulɗa masu irin wannan ra'ayi.

Sabbin motocin makamashi galibi an raba su zuwa rukuni biyu: motocin batirin lithium da motocin hydrogen fuel cell. Na farko an shahara da shi har zuwa wani mataki, amma a aikace, matsaloli kamar gajeriyar tafiyar tafiya, dogon lokacin caji, ƙaramin nauyin baturi da rashin daidaita muhalli ba a magance su sosai ba.

Fu Yu da wasu sun yi imani da cewa motar hydrogen mai ɗauke da irin wannan kariya ta muhalli za ta iya cike gibin motar batirin lithium, wanda shine "mafita ta ƙarshe" ta wutar lantarki ta mota.

"Gabaɗaya, yana ɗaukar fiye da rabin sa'a kafin motar lantarki ta yi caji, amma mintuna uku ko biyar ne kawai ga motar hydrogen mai cell cell." Ya ba da misali. Duk da haka, masana'antar motocin hydrogen mai cell cell ya yi ƙasa da na motocin lithium, ɗaya daga cikinsu yana da iyaka da batura - musamman, ta hanyar tarin abubuwa.

"Mai samar da wutar lantarki shine wurin da amsawar lantarki ke faruwa kuma shine babban ɓangaren tsarin wutar lantarki na tantanin mai. Asalinsa yayi daidai da 'injin', wanda kuma za'a iya cewa shine 'zuciyar' motar." Fu Yu ya ce saboda manyan shingen fasaha, ƙananan kamfanonin motoci da ƙungiyoyin 'yan kasuwa na cibiyoyin bincike na kimiyya masu dacewa a duniya ne kawai ke da ƙwarewar ƙira ta injiniya ta samfuran reactor na lantarki. Silsilar samar da wutar lantarki ta masana'antar tantanin mai na hydrogen a cikin gida ba ta da yawa, kuma matakin wurin yana da ƙasa sosai, musamman farantin bipolar na muhimman abubuwan da ke ciki, wanda shine "wahalar" tsari da "mafi zafi" na amfani.

An ruwaito cewa fasahar farantin graphite bipolar da fasahar farantin bipolar ƙarfe galibi ana amfani da su a duniya. Na farko yana da ƙarfin juriya ga tsatsa, kyakkyawan watsawa da kuma watsawa mai zafi, kuma yana da babban kaso a kasuwa a farkon matakin masana'antu, amma a zahiri, yana da wasu gazawa, kamar rashin isasshen iska, tsadar kayan aiki da fasahar sarrafawa mai rikitarwa. Farantin bipolar ƙarfe yana da fa'idodi kamar nauyi mai sauƙi, ƙaramin girma, ƙarfi mai yawa, ƙarancin farashi da ƙarancin aiki, wanda kamfanonin kera motoci na cikin gida da na ƙasashen waje ke sa ran gani sosai.

Saboda wannan dalili, Fu Yu ya jagoranci tawagarsa don yin karatu tsawon shekaru da yawa, kuma a ƙarshe ya fitar da samfurin farko na ƙarfe mai bipolar plate stack na mai wanda aka haɓaka shi daban-daban a farkon watan Mayu. Samfurin ya rungumi fasahar rufe ƙarfe ta ƙarni na huɗu mai juriyar tsatsa da kuma mai da hankali ba tare da daraja ba ta Changzhou Yimai, abokin hulɗa mai mahimmanci, da kuma fasahar walda ta laser mai inganci ta Shenzhen Zhongwei don magance "matsalar rayuwa" da ta addabi masana'antar tsawon shekaru da yawa. A cewar bayanan gwaji, ƙarfin reactor guda ɗaya ya kai 70-120 kW, wanda shine matakin farko a kasuwa a halin yanzu; takamaiman ƙarfin wutar lantarki yayi daidai da na Toyota, wani sanannen kamfanin kera motoci.

Samfurin gwajin ya kamu da cutar huhu ta coronavirus a lokutan da suka fi tsanani, wanda hakan ya sa Fu Yu cikin damuwa sosai. "Duk masu gwajin guda uku da aka tsara tun farko an ware su ne kawai, kuma za su iya jagorantar sauran ma'aikatan bincike da ci gaba ne kawai don su koyi yadda ake gudanar da gwajin ta hanyar amfani da na'urar sarrafa kira ta bidiyo kowace rana. Lokaci ne mai wahala." Ya ce abin farin ciki shi ne cewa sakamakon gwajin ya fi kyau fiye da yadda ake tsammani, kuma sha'awar kowa tana da yawa.

Fu Yu ya bayyana cewa suna shirin ƙaddamar da ingantaccen sigar samfurin reactor a wannan shekarar, lokacin da za a ƙara ƙarfin reactor guda ɗaya zuwa fiye da kilowatts 130. Bayan cimma burin "mafi kyawun reactor na wutar lantarki a China", za su yi tasiri ga mafi girman matakin a duniya, gami da ɗaga ƙarfin reactor guda ɗaya zuwa fiye da kilowatts 160, ƙara rage farashi, cire "zuciyar Sin" mai fasaha mafi kyau, da kuma haɓaka motocin hydrogen na cikin gida don tuƙa zuwa "layin sauri".

A cewar bayanai daga Ƙungiyar Masana'antar Motoci ta China, a shekarar 2019, samarwa da sayar da motocin mai a China sun kai 2833 da 2737 bi da bi, wanda ya karu da kashi 85.5% da 79.2% idan aka kwatanta da shekarar da ta gabata. Akwai motocin mai na hydrogen sama da 6000 a China, kuma an cimma burin "motocin mai 5000 nan da shekarar 2020" a cikin taswirar fasaha ta tanadi makamashi da sabbin motocin makamashi.

A halin yanzu, ana amfani da motocin hydrogen a cikin bas, manyan motoci, motoci na musamman da sauran fannoni a China. Fu Yu ya yi imanin cewa saboda yawan buƙatun jigilar kayayyaki da sufuri a kan nisan da ya dace da kuma ƙarfin kaya, rashin amfanin motocin lithium zai ƙaru, kuma motocin hydrogen za su mamaye wannan ɓangaren kasuwa. Tare da girma da girman samfuran man fetur a hankali, za a kuma yi amfani da shi sosai a cikin motocin fasinja a nan gaba.

Fu Yu ya kuma lura cewa sabon daftarin da aka gabatar na nuna motocin man fetur da kuma tallata su a China ya nuna a sarari cewa ya kamata a inganta masana'antar motocin man fetur ta China zuwa ga ci gaba mai dorewa, lafiya, kimiyya da tsari. Wannan yana sa shi da ƙungiyar 'yan kasuwa su ƙara himma da kwarin gwiwa.